{"id":17534,"date":"2022-12-31T11:20:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-31T10:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lindstromgroup.com\/sk\/?p=17534"},"modified":"2025-05-28T08:28:56","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T07:28:56","slug":"nova-legislativa-textilny-priemysel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lindstromgroup.com\/sk\/article\/nova-legislativa-textilny-priemysel\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 eur\u00f3pska legislat\u00edva zn\u00ed\u017ei mno\u017estvo textiln\u00e9ho odpadu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tri\u010dko na jedno pou\u017eitie, sveter, ktor\u00fd sa nesmie vypra\u0165 v p\u00e1\u010dke, preto\u017ee sa na \u0148om vytvoria hr\u010dky, \u0161aty, ktor\u00fdmi ve\u013emi neosln\u00edte, preto\u017ee sa p\u00e1raj\u00fa. Toto v\u0161etko ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo skon\u010d\u00ed v smetiaku, preto\u017ee sa to ned\u00e1 nosi\u0165. Jeden \u010dlovek ro\u010dne odlo\u017e\u00ed priemerne 11 kg textilu a celkovo sa v Eur\u00f3pe ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokom vyhod\u00ed 5,8 mili\u00f3na ton textiln\u00e9ho odpadu. Eur\u00f3panov to u\u017e nebav\u00ed, a preto nastal \u010das na zmenu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fdchla m\u00f3da je out<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pln\u00e9 skrine nekvalitn\u00e9ho oble\u010denia, ktor\u00e9 nevyzer\u00e1 ve\u013emi dobre u\u017e pred prv\u00fdm vypran\u00edm, \u010dloveku ber\u00fa energiu. Preto jednotlivci aj \u0161t\u00e1ty a cel\u00e1 Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania h\u013eadaj\u00fa cesty, ako z tohto koloto\u010da vyst\u00fapi\u0165, oblieka\u0165 sa elegantnej\u0161ie, udr\u017eate\u013enej\u0161ie a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa spr\u00e1va\u0165 oh\u013eaduplnej\u0161ie k na\u0161ej plan\u00e9te<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je viacero mo\u017enost\u00ed, ako to vyrie\u0161i\u0165. Jednou z nich je n\u00e1vrat k princ\u00edpom, ktor\u00e9 uzn\u00e1vali na\u0161e prababi\u010dky, ke\u010f si kupovali oble\u010denie z kvalitn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov na cel\u00fd \u017eivot<\/strong>. O ka\u017ed\u00fd k\u00fasok sa dobre starali, boli zvyknut\u00e9 po\u0161koden\u00e9 kusy opravova\u0165 a za\u0161\u00edva\u0165, a ke\u010f nejak\u00fd dosl\u00fa\u017eil, e\u0161te mu na\u0161li in\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie, napr. dobr\u00e9 kusy l\u00e1tky z oblie\u010dok vyu\u017eili na u\u0161itie vrec\u00fa\u0161ok na m\u00faku a pod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druhou mo\u017enos\u0165ou, ako predch\u00e1dza\u0165 zbyto\u010dn\u00e9mu plytvaniu textilom, je vyv\u00edjanie technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017enia vl\u00e1kna lep\u0161ie recyklova\u0165<\/strong>. St\u00e1le viac sa presadzuj\u00fa aj nov\u00e9 sp\u00f4soby pou\u017e\u00edvania textilu, napr\u00edklad pren\u00e1jom oble\u010denia ako servisn\u00e1 slu\u017eba<\/strong> s mo\u017enos\u0165ou jeho vr\u00e1tenia a s garanciou opr\u00e1v. M\u00f4\u017eete si dokonca predstavi\u0165, \u017ee bude existova\u0165 nie\u010do ako predplaten\u00e9 oble\u010denie. Ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac zaplat\u00edte nejak\u00fa pau\u0161\u00e1lnu \u010diastku a za to dostanete kvalitn\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 oble\u010denie, ktor\u00e9 je opravite\u013en\u00e9 a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eur\u00f3pska komisia sa chyst\u00e1 s nekvalitn\u00fdm textilom zato\u010di\u0165. \u010coskoro by mala za\u010da\u0165 plati\u0165 legislat\u00edva pre ekologickej\u0161ie nakladanie nielen so spotrebnou elektronikou, ale aj s textilom a obuvou. Cie\u013eom je pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 \u017eivotnos\u0165 tovaru<\/strong> a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mno\u017estvo vyprodukovan\u00e9ho odpadu. Pl\u00e1n tie\u017e po\u010d\u00edta so zaveden\u00edm digit\u00e1lneho produktov\u00e9ho pasu, v\u010faka ktor\u00e9mu \u013eudia zistia \u00fadaje o v\u00fdrobku potrebn\u00e9 na opravy \u010di recykl\u00e1ciu. Komisia tak chce skoncova\u0165 s r\u00fdchlou m\u00f3dou, ktor\u00e1 u\u017e vy\u0161la z m\u00f3dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktu\u00e1lna legislat\u00edva t\u00fdkaj\u00faca sa nakladania s textiln\u00fdm odpadom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010das posledn\u00fdch dvadsiatich rokov zlep\u0161ilo mnoho eur\u00f3pskych \u0161t\u00e1tov nakladanie s odpadmi<\/strong>. V roku 1995 bolo na skl\u00e1dky ulo\u017een\u00fdch asi 64 % komun\u00e1lnych odpadov, o p\u00e4\u0165 rokov nesk\u00f4r bol priemer zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd na 55 %. Miera recykl\u00e1cie predstavovala 25 %. T\u00e1 sa do roku 2016 zv\u00fd\u0161ila na 46 % a ukladanie odpadu na skl\u00e1dky sa naopak zn\u00ed\u017eilo na 24 %. Boli v\u0161ak a st\u00e1le s\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 rozdiely medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00e1tmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V m\u00e1ji 2018 prijala Rada Eur\u00f3py bal\u00edk predpisov o odpadoch, v ktorom s\u00fa stanoven\u00e9 nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 pre nakladanie s textiln\u00fdmi odpadmi a pr\u00e1vne z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 ciele pre recykl\u00e1ciu<\/strong>. Do 1. janu\u00e1ra 2025 bud\u00fa musie\u0165 \u010dlensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty zavies\u0165 trieden\u00fd zber textilu. Nov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vne predpisy sa zameriavaj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na predch\u00e1dzanie vzniku odpadov a vytv\u00e1ranie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch cie\u013eov udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

St\u00e1le viac firiem sa zap\u00e1ja do cirkul\u00e1rnej ekonomiky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Obehov\u00e9 textiln\u00e9 hospod\u00e1rstvo<\/a> je \u010dasto definovan\u00e9 ako bezodpadov\u00fd alebo zero waste koncept<\/strong> – pod\u013ea vzoru pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov navrhuje uzatv\u00e1ranie tokov materi\u00e1lov vo funk\u010dn\u00fdch a nekon\u010diacich cykloch, \u010derpanie energie z obnovite\u013en\u00fdch a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov a vytv\u00e1ranie udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fdch produktov a slu\u017eieb. Cirkul\u00e1rne ekonomick\u00fd pr\u00edstup<\/a> je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou politiky Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie, ktor\u00e1 trval\u00fa udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 podporuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Obr\u00e1zok: U\u010d\u00edme sa nov\u00e9mu vz\u0165ahu k svojmu oble\u010deniu.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

U\u017e sk\u00f4r ozna\u010dila Eur\u00f3pska komisia v Novom ak\u010dnom pl\u00e1ne obehov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva<\/strong> textil za prioritn\u00fa kateg\u00f3riu, a to na z\u00e1klade jeho \u201eobehov\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu\u201c. S\u00fa tu predstaven\u00e9 tri cesty na zv\u00fd\u0161enie obehovosti, tj zv\u00fd\u0161enie udr\u017eate\u013enosti pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, vylep\u0161en\u00fd zber, op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie a recykl\u00e1cia textilu. K tomu sa e\u0161te prid\u00e1va efekt\u00edvna kontrola emisi\u00ed tzv. mikroplastov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aj spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Lindstr\u00f6m<\/a> je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na cirkul\u00e1rne ekonomickom pr\u00edstupe<\/strong> v\u010faka op\u00e4tovn\u00e9mu vyu\u017e\u00edvaniu a opravovaniu opotrebovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch odevov a uprednost\u0148ovaniu pren\u00e1jmu odevov<\/a> pred predajom. V\u00fdsledkom je prakticky nulov\u00fd textiln\u00fd odpad a v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00faspory energie<\/strong> pri hromadnom priemyselnom pran\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v oblasti ekol\u00f3gie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vedci zo \u0161v\u00e9dskej Lund University pri\u0161li na met\u00f3du, ktor\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee ekologicky premeni\u0165 bavlnu na sacharidy<\/strong> a tie potom na textiln\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly (spandex alebo nylon), vhodn\u00e9 na \u0161itie nov\u00fdch odevov. Zistili toti\u017e, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z vyraden\u00e9ho textilu m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 aj po dlhodobom pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed st\u00e1le tak\u00e9 siln\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna, \u017ee sa daj\u00fa opakovane vyu\u017ei\u0165. \u010co sa s\u00edce u\u017e deje, ale len vo ve\u013emi malej miere. To bola t\u00e1 motiv\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 viedla k v\u00fdvoju nov\u00e9ho sp\u00f4sobu recykl\u00e1cie textilu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vedci pri\u0161li na sp\u00f4sob, ako rozlo\u017ei\u0165 vl\u00e1kna v bavlne (celul\u00f3zu) na men\u0161ie \u010dasti. Vyu\u017eili pritom kyselinu s\u00edrov\u00fa, v ktorej sa textil nam\u00e1\u010da a n\u00e1sledne spolu s vodou zahrieva na vysok\u00e9 teploty. V\u00fdsledkom tohto procesu je gluk\u00f3za vo forme \u010dist\u00e9ho, \u017elto sfarben\u00e9ho roztoku. Z gluk\u00f3zy v tejto forme sa d\u00e1 vytvori\u0165 umel\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno, ak\u00fdm je napr\u00edklad pr\u00e1ve spandex alebo nylon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1mery E\u00da v oblasti ekologick\u00e9ho textiln\u00e9ho priemyslu do bud\u00facnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Textiln\u00fd sektor \u010dakaj\u00fa v najbli\u017e\u0161ej dobe z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne zmeny<\/strong>: od roku 2025 bud\u00fa musie\u0165 \u010dlensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty zabezpe\u010di\u0165 trieden\u00fd zber textilu a Komisia vydala Strat\u00e9giu pre udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 textiln\u00e9ho priemyslu<\/strong>. V nej sa sna\u017e\u00ed sformulova\u0165 svoje po\u017eiadavky na udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 textiln\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov<\/a>: v\u0161etok textil by mal ma\u0165 dlh\u00fa \u017eivotnos\u0165 a by\u0165 recyklovate\u013en\u00fd, vyroben\u00fd z recyklovan\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien a neobsahova\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Cie\u013eom strat\u00e9gie je tie\u017e posilni\u0165 odvetvie op\u00e4tovn\u00e9ho pou\u017eitia a opr\u00e1v a rie\u0161i\u0165 problematiku textiln\u00e9ho odpadu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do roku 2030 chce Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby sa na jej trh dostal len tak\u00fd textiln\u00fd tovar, ktor\u00fd neobsahuje \u017eiadne nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a bol vyroben\u00fd s re\u0161pektom k soci\u00e1lnym pr\u00e1vam<\/strong>. Za t\u00fdmto pojmom sa skr\u00fdva v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia zodpovednos\u0165 spolo\u010dnost\u00ed za svoj v\u00fdrobn\u00fd re\u0165azec vr\u00e1tane toho, kedy sa z ich odevov stane odpad. \u00dania preto uprav\u00ed parametre odevov, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 vst\u00fapi\u0165 na eur\u00f3psky trh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po roku 2030 bude vy\u017eadovan\u00e9 dodr\u017eanie limitu minim\u00e1lneho mno\u017estva recyklovan\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien<\/strong>, hovor\u00ed sa tie\u017e o z\u00e1kaze ni\u010denia nepredan\u00e9ho tovaru. Hodnoti\u0165 sa bude aj environment\u00e1lny dopad, odolnos\u0165 alebo to, ako \u013eahko sa d\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tny kus opravi\u0165. Tovar bude ozna\u010den\u00fd \u0161k\u00e1lou A a\u017e G, podobne ako pri elektrick\u00fdch spotrebi\u010doch alebo pri energetickej n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti budov. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk tak bude ma\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 dozvedie\u0165 sa viac o konkr\u00e9tnom kuse a rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 sa pre tak\u00fd, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdroba bola \u0161etrnej\u0161ia k pr\u00edrode aj k \u013eu\u010fom. Pr\u00edpadne bude m\u00f4c\u0165 siahnu\u0165 po k\u00fasku, ktor\u00fd u\u017e nosil niekto in\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eeme d\u00fafa\u0165 v renesanciu slovensk\u00e9ho textilu. Je tu ve\u013ek\u00e1 pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 pre vedu a v\u00fdskum, pr\u00edliv inov\u00e1ci\u00ed do textiln\u00e9ho priemyslu<\/strong>, v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov a podobne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tri\u010dko na jedno pou\u017eitie, sveter, ktor\u00fd sa nesmie vypra\u0165 v p\u00e1\u010dke, preto\u017ee sa na \u0148om vytvoria hr\u010dky, \u0161aty, ktor\u00fdmi ve\u013emi neosln\u00edte, preto\u017ee sa p\u00e1raj\u00fa. Toto…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":17535,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[33,51],"coauthors":[20],"class_list":["post-17534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","tag-pracovne-oblecenie","tag-udrzatelnost"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNov\u00e1 legislat\u00edva o odpadoch a textiln\u00fd priemysel - Lindstr\u00f6m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Eur\u00f3pska komisia sa chyst\u00e1 zakro\u010di\u0165 proti nekvalitn\u00fdm text\u00edli\u00e1m. 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