{"id":17287,"date":"2021-02-23T13:42:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-23T12:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lindstromgroup.com\/sk\/?p=17287"},"modified":"2025-05-30T13:04:45","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T12:04:45","slug":"rizikove-povolania-ako-chranit-zamestnancov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lindstromgroup.com\/sk\/article\/rizikove-povolania-ako-chranit-zamestnancov\/","title":{"rendered":"Rizikov\u00e9 povolania a pracovn\u00e9 \u00farazy: Ako chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svojich zamestnancov?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Medzi najrizikovej\u0161ie povolania na svete, pri ktor\u00fdch hroz\u00ed najvy\u0161\u0161ie riziko v\u00e1\u017enych \u00farazov, patr\u00ed napr\u00edklad ryb\u00e1r na mori, drevoruba\u010d, zlieva\u010d v oceliarni, robotn\u00edk v \u0165a\u017ekom priemysle, pracovn\u00edk na ropnej plo\u0161ine, vojnov\u00fd report\u00e9r, elektrik\u00e1r vysok\u00e9ho nap\u00e4tia, hasi\u010d, z\u00e1chran\u00e1r, pilot, stavebn\u00fd robotn\u00edk, pokr\u00fdva\u010d striech, vodi\u010d z povolania, horsk\u00fd sprievodca alebo smetiar. K\u00fdm niektor\u00e9 zo zoznamu rizikov\u00fdch povolan\u00ed<\/strong> sa v na\u0161ej krajine v\u00f4bec nevyskytuj\u00fa, bez in\u00fdch si nevieme predstavi\u0165 svoj \u017eivot. Z\u00e1chran\u00e1rov, hasi\u010dov alebo smetiarov m\u00e1me na o\u010diach \u010dasto. Be\u017ene v\u00eddame aj stavebn\u00fdch robotn\u00edkov pri pr\u00e1ci na stavb\u00e1ch. Ako m\u00f4\u017eu zamestn\u00e1vatelia chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svojich zamestnancov pomocou pracovn\u00fdch odevov?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Obr\u00e1zok: Na stavb\u00e1ch hrozia p\u00e1dy z v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161etky povolania s\u00fa rozdelen\u00e9 do 3 skup\u00edn pod\u013ea toho, ak\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo \u00farazov pri nich hroz\u00ed. Toto rozdelenie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm pois\u0165ovne, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1sledne rie\u0161ia \u00farazov\u00e9 poistenie. V prvej skupine, ktor\u00e1 je najmenej ohrozen\u00e1 pracovn\u00fdmi \u00farazmi<\/strong> s v\u00e1\u017enymi n\u00e1sledkami, s\u00fa odbory s prevahou du\u0161evnej pr\u00e1ce a s len mal\u00fdm podielom manu\u00e1lnej pr\u00e1ce (napr\u00edklad architekti, ekon\u00f3movia, finan\u010dn\u00edci, kadern\u00ed\u010dky, kon\u0161trukt\u00e9ri, lek\u00e1ri, pr\u00e1vnici, predava\u010di, sudcovia, u\u010ditelia, umelci, zdravotn\u00edcky person\u00e1l).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do druhej rizikovej skupiny patria v\u0161etky povolania vo v\u00fdrobnej oblasti a v oblasti s preva\u017euj\u00facim podielom manu\u00e1lnej pr\u00e1ce, popr\u00edpade so zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikom \u00farazu (\u010dlenovia horskej slu\u017eby, robotn\u00edci, in\u0161talat\u00e9ri, \u017eeriavnici, komin\u00e1ri, kov\u00e1\u010di, le\u0161en\u00e1ri, mechanici, pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci pol\u00edcie, profesion\u00e1lni vodi\u010di, tes\u00e1ri, stol\u00e1ri, veterin\u00e1ri, mur\u00e1ri, z\u00e1mo\u010dn\u00edci).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tretiu rizikov\u00fa skupinu tvoria zamestnania s ve\u013emi vysok\u00fdm rizikom \u00farazu<\/strong> a s vysok\u00fdm stup\u0148om ohrozenia zdravia (hasi\u010d, lesn\u00fd robotn\u00edk, vodi\u010d kami\u00f3novej prepravy, bansk\u00fd pracovn\u00edk pod.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana zdravia pomocou pracovn\u00fdch odevov pre rizikov\u00e9 povolania<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd zodpovedn\u00fd zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e si \u017eel\u00e1, aby na jeho pracovisku nedoch\u00e1dzalo k pracovn\u00fdm \u00farazom a ujm\u00e1m na zdrav\u00ed. Zdraviu ohrozuj\u00facim situ\u00e1ci\u00e1m sa sna\u017e\u00ed predch\u00e1dza\u0165 dostato\u010dnou odbornou pr\u00edpravou svojich zamestnancov a poskytovan\u00edm ochrann\u00fdch pom\u00f4cok<\/strong> pre dan\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre ka\u017ed\u00fd nov\u00fd osobn\u00fd ochrann\u00fd pracovn\u00fd prostriedok<\/strong> vyd\u00e1va v\u00fdrobca v E\u00da vyhl\u00e1senie o zhode a s\u00fa\u010dasne na v\u00fdrobok umiest\u0148uje ozna\u010denie CE. Toto ozna\u010denie znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fdrobok sp\u013a\u0148a z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky nariadenia Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu a Rady (E\u00da) 2016\/425.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrann\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 odevy<\/a> s\u00fa odevy sp\u013a\u0148aj\u00face po\u017eiadavku normy EN ISO 13688, ktor\u00e1 je pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v kombin\u00e1cii s niektorou \u010fal\u0161ou normou obsahuj\u00facou po\u017eiadavky na \u0161pecifick\u00e9 vyhotovenie v\u00fdrobku poskytuj\u00faceho ochranu: napr. pri zv\u00e1ran\u00ed a pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch postupoch, proti zraneniu re\u0165azovou p\u00edlou, proti chladu, proti teplu a oh\u0148u, proti statickej elektrine (oble\u010denie pre elektrik\u00e1rov) at\u010f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161ou skupinou s\u00fa v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 odevy s reflexn\u00fdmi prvkami<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 na stavb\u00e1ch a pri pr\u00e1cach na ceste. V\u0161etky tieto odevy maj\u00fa \u0161peci\u00e1lne ozna\u010denie pod\u013ea t\u00fdchto po\u017eiadaviek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Obr\u00e1zok: Ochrann\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 bundy Lindstr\u00f6m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pren\u00e1jom pracovn\u00fdch odevov na\u0161ou firmou<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pracuj\u00fa va\u0161i zamestnanci v rizikovom prostred\u00ed? Pracovn\u00e9 odevy v\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee prenaja\u0165 na\u0161a firma Lindstr\u00f6m, ktor\u00e1 prevezme aj staros\u0165 o ich \u00fadr\u017ebu a v\u00fdmenu tak, aby boli va\u0161i pracovn\u00edci st\u00e1le chr\u00e1nen\u00ed a aby boli oble\u010den\u00ed v s\u00falade s po\u017eiadavkami bezpe\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce. V\u0161etky typy pracovn\u00fdch odevov<\/strong><\/a>, ktor\u00e9 potrebujete, v\u00e1m dod\u00e1me na va\u0161e pracovisko. T\u00fdm u\u0161etr\u00edte \u010das a tie\u017e financie na n\u00e1kup, skladovanie a \u010distenie pracovn\u00fdch odevov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre r\u00f4zne rizikov\u00e9 odvetvia pon\u00fakame konkr\u00e9tne pracovn\u00e9 oble\u010denie. Pre elektrik\u00e1rov, elektromont\u00e9rov a elektrotechnikov m\u00e1me napr. kolekciu pracovn\u00e9ho oble\u010denia PowerPro, testovan\u00fa na odolnos\u0165 proti elektrick\u00e9mu obl\u00faku a na spoma\u013eovanie horenia. Pre pracovn\u00edkov na stavb\u00e1ch sa hod\u00ed kolekcia reflexn\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch odevov HighVisPro<\/strong><\/a>, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa vysok\u00fa vidite\u013enos\u0165 pri ak\u00fdchko\u013evek sveteln\u00fdch podmienkach, za denn\u00e9ho svetla aj v tme. Hlavn\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom pre v\u00fdrobu odevov kolekcie HighVisPro je odoln\u00e1 a funk\u010dn\u00e1 tkanina Pre Outdoor 235 s vysokou vidite\u013enos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slu\u017eba pren\u00e1jmu pracovn\u00fdch odevov je ve\u013emi flexibiln\u00e1 pod\u013ea potrieb z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. M\u00f4\u017ee si prenaja\u0165 odevy napr\u00edklad len na sez\u00f3nu (napr. v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v lete) alebo pod\u013ea aktu\u00e1lneho po\u010dtu zamestnancov. Nepotrebn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo odevov m\u00f4\u017ee vr\u00e1ti\u0165 alebo naopak, po\u010det kusov odevov v pren\u00e1jme zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Obr\u00e1zok: Zamestn\u00e1vatelia maj\u00fa povinnos\u0165 chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svojich zamestnancov pomocou pracovn\u00fdch odevov.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pr\u00ed\u010diny zranen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V r\u00f4znych odboroch s\u00fa pracovn\u00edci ohrozen\u00ed typick\u00fdmi \u00farazmi pre konkr\u00e9tnu \u010dinnos\u0165. Na stavb\u00e1ch s\u00fa naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00ed\u010dinami zranen\u00ed p\u00e1dy z v\u00fd\u0161ky<\/strong> (z le\u0161enia, striech alebo rebr\u00edkov). Stavebn\u00ed robotn\u00edci s\u00fa vystaven\u00ed tie\u017e riziku, \u017ee nie\u010do spadne na nich, napr\u00edklad kladivo, v\u0155ta\u010dka alebo tehla pova\u013euj\u00faca sa na le\u0161en\u00ed. N\u00e1sledky p\u00e1du men\u0161\u00edch predmetov dok\u00e1\u017ee zmierni\u0165 pracovn\u00e1 helma, ktor\u00e1 je spolu s reflexnou vestou povinnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdbavy v\u0161etk\u00fdch os\u00f4b pohybuj\u00facich sa na stavenisku<\/strong>. Stavebn\u00ed robotn\u00edci s\u00fa viac ne\u017e in\u00ed pracovn\u00edci vystaven\u00ed r\u00f4znym nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1m, medzi ktor\u00e9 patr\u00ed hluk, vibr\u00e1cie, UV \u017eiarenie, nepriazniv\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 podmienky, kontakt s nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, po\u017eiar a expl\u00f3zia. Spr\u00e1vne ochrann\u00e9 odevy<\/strong> zni\u017euj\u00fa riziko ohrozenia zdravia pri t\u00fdchto \u010dinnostiach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Primeran\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba ochrann\u00fdch pom\u00f4cok a pracovn\u00fdch odevov je z\u00e1sadn\u00e1 pre odstra\u0148ovanie nebezpe\u010denstva a riadenie riz\u00edk na v\u0161etk\u00fdch pracovisk\u00e1ch. Ch\u00fdbaj\u00faca alebo nevhodn\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k v\u00e1\u017enym a\u017e smrte\u013en\u00fdm \u00farazom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Povinnosti zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea v s\u00favislosti s pracovn\u00fdmi \u00farazmi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pre zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa z problematiky u\u017e vzniknut\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch \u00farazov dve hlavn\u00e9 povinnosti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. evidencia pracovn\u00fdch \u00farazov (\u0161etrenie, evidencia a hl\u00e1senie),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. poskytovanie n\u00e1hrad \u0161k\u00f4d vzniknut\u00fdch v d\u00f4sledku pracovn\u00e9ho \u00farazu (t\u00fdka sa len \u00farazov zamestnancov a in\u00fdch os\u00f4b uveden\u00fdch v z\u00e1konn\u00edku pr\u00e1ce).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Kniha \u00farazov<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ka\u017ed\u00fd zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e m\u00e1 pod\u013ea \u00a717 z\u00e1kona o BOZP \u010d. 124\/2006 Z. z. povinnos\u0165 vies\u0165 evidenciu o \u00farazoch v knihe \u00farazov. Z\u00e1znamy sl\u00fa\u017eia pre preh\u013ead \u00farazov, priebe\u017en\u00e9 vyhodnocovanie riz\u00edk, n\u00e1vrh opatren\u00ed a kontrolu \u0161t\u00e1tneho org\u00e1nu. Z\u00e1znam v knihe \u00farazov je tie\u017e v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fdm podkladom pre spracovanie z\u00e1znamu o \u00faraze, ktor\u00fd je nutn\u00e9 zasiela\u0165 pois\u0165ovniam a in\u0161pektor\u00e1tu pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    N\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Zamestnancovi, ktor\u00fd utrpel pracovn\u00fd \u00faraz mus\u00ed zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e v rozsahu, v ktorom za \u0161kodu alebo nemajetkov\u00fa ujmu zodpoved\u00e1, poskytn\u00fa\u0165 n\u00e1hradu<\/strong> za: stratu z\u00e1robku po\u010das pracovnej neschopnosti, boles\u0165 a zn\u00ed\u017eenie spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho uplatnenia, n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s lie\u010den\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Medzi najrizikovej\u0161ie povolania na svete, pri ktor\u00fdch hroz\u00ed najvy\u0161\u0161ie riziko v\u00e1\u017enych \u00farazov, patr\u00ed napr\u00edklad ryb\u00e1r na mori, drevoruba\u010d, zlieva\u010d v oceliarni, robotn\u00edk v \u0165a\u017ekom priemysle,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":17289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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